CoSy: Evaluating Textual Explanations of Neurons

A crucial aspect of understanding the complex nature of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) is the ability to explain learned concepts within their latent representations. While methods exist to connect neurons to human-understandable textual descriptions, evaluating the quality of these explanations is challenging due to the lack of a unified quantitative approach. We introduce CoSy (Concept Synthesis), a novel, architecture-agnostic framework for evaluating textual explanations of latent neurons. Given textual explanations, our proposed framework uses a generative model conditioned on textual input to create data points representing the explanations, comparing the neuron's response to these and control data points to estimate explanation quality. We validate our framework through meta-evaluation experiments and benchmark various concept-based textual explanation methods for Computer Vision tasks, revealing significant differences in quality.