AutoVSR: Automatic Visual-to-Symbolic Reasoning for Symbolic Expression Generation from Circuit Schematic

Symbolic expressions can effectively characterize and predict circuit behavior, but deriving them directly from circuit schematics is challenging. This process requires accurate visual-to-symbolic construction of circuit structure from images and correct multi-step symbolic derivation, both of which impose strict correctness requirements. This work proposes AutoVSR, an automated framework for visual-to-symbolic generation of circuit expressions using Vision Language Models (VLMs). By reconstructing circuit diagrams into an executable intermediate representation (Executable IR) and leveraging a symbolic solver for reasoning, AutoVSR significantly improves the accuracy of symbolic expression generation. AutoVSR introduces two key innovations: an IR construction method guided by component rule retrieval and verification-based feedback, and a symbolic solver implemented as a planning agent equipped with a symbolic tool library for reliable multi-step derivation. Compared to end-to-end VLM approaches, AutoVSR achieves accuracy improvements of 30.01--59.45% in circuit analysis and outperforms specialized methods by 41.96--51.84%. Moreover, AutoVSR surpasses closed-source state-of-the-art VLMs in inference cost and computational efficiency. Code is available at https://anonymous.4open.science/r/icml34410/.