Hierarchical Anchor Graph Learning for Multi-View Clustering

Multi-view clustering (MVC) is a fundamental task in heterogeneous data analysis, where anchor-based graph methods are widely adopted for their computational efficiency. However, existing approaches typically utilize static, single-layer anchors, failing to capture the multi-granularity nature of complex data. Drawing inspiration from hierarchical human cognition, we propose a hierarchical anchor graph learning method, termed HAG-MVC, a novel framework that organizes multi-view data as a multi-level pyramid. Unlike conventional one-shot anchor generation methods, HAG-MVC introduces a multi-level co-evolution mechanism, where anchors and graph structures are iteratively refined together to capture semantics from fine-to-coarse granularities. Moreover, HAG-MVC offers a transparent abstraction architecture as an alternative to black-box deep clustering: by maintaining all anchors within the original feature space, it enables explicit inspection of the abstraction process, ensuring inherent interpretability. Extensive experiments on benchmark datasets demonstrate that HAG-MVC consistently outperforms state-of-the-art methods. Beyond MVC, this work provides a scalable and trustworthy paradigm for hierarchical knowledge representation in broad machine learning tasks.