ImpText: A Benchmark and Tool-Augmented Framework for Implicit Text Reasoning

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated exceptional proficiency in standard text extraction, but they encounter significant challenges when confronting real-world implicit text. Such content typically contains malicious information, intentionally concealed through physical deformation, visual camouflage, or cognitive suggestion. These concealment techniques circumvent content moderation systems and pose severe risks to user safety. To bridge the research gap in text recognition under real-world adversarial scenarios, we define the task of Implicit Text Reasoning and introduce ImpText-Bench, a meticulously constructed benchmark. Extensive evaluations on this benchmark reveal significant vulnerability in current systems; even advanced proprietary models achieve a maximum Text Match Score of only 35.79\%. In response, we propose ImpText-Reader, a tool-augmented framework. It employs a three-stage training strategy utilizing capability-boundary data to collaboratively optimize tool selection and semantic reasoning, thereby effectively extracting hidden text. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our approach achieves SOTA performance, significantly enhancing model robustness in adversarial environments.