Oral
On the Complexity of Approximating Wasserstein Barycenters
Alexey Kroshnin · Nazarii Tupitsa · Darina Dvinskikh · Pavel Dvurechenskii · Alexander Gasnikov · Cesar Uribe
Abstract:
We study the complexity of approximating Wassertein barycenter of $m$ discrete measures, or histograms of size $n$ by contrasting two alternative approaches using entropic regularization. The first approach is based on the Iterative Bregman Projections (IBP) algorithm for which our novel analysis gives a complexity bound proportional to $\frac{mn^2}{\varepsilon^2}$ to approximate the original non-regularized barycenter.
Using an alternative accelerated-gradient-descent-based approach, we obtain a complexity proportional to
$\frac{mn^{2}}{\varepsilon} $.
As a byproduct, we show that the regularization parameter in both approaches has to be proportional to $\e$, which causes instability of both algorithms when the desired accuracy is high. To overcome this issue, we propose a novel proximal-IBP algorithm, which can be seen as a proximal gradient method, which uses IBP on each iteration to make a proximal step.
We also consider the question of scalability of these algorithms using approaches from distributed optimization and show that the first algorithm can be implemented in a centralized distributed setting (master/slave), while the second one is amenable to a more general decentralized distributed setting with an arbitrary network topology.
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