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Poster
On the Generalization Effects of Linear Transformations in Data Augmentation
Sen Wu · Hongyang Zhang · Gregory Valiant · Christopher Re

Tue Jul 14 07:00 AM -- 07:45 AM & Tue Jul 14 06:00 PM -- 06:45 PM (PDT) @
in Poster Session 1 »

Data augmentation is a powerful technique to improve performance in applications such as image and text classification tasks. Yet, there is little rigorous understanding of why and how various augmentations work. In this work, we consider a family of linear transformations and study their effects on the ridge estimator in an over-parametrized linear regression setting. First, we show that transformations which preserve the labels of the data can improve estimation by enlarging the span of the training data. Second, we show that transformations which mix data can improve estimation by playing a regularization effect. Finally, we validate our theoretical insights on MNIST. Based on the insights, we propose an augmentation scheme that searches over the space of transformations by how \textit{uncertain} the model is about the transformed data. We validate our proposed scheme on image and text datasets. For example, our method outperforms RandAugment by 1.24\% on CIFAR-100 using Wide-ResNet-28-10. Furthermore, we achieve comparable accuracy to the SoTA Adversarial AutoAugment on CIFAR datasets.

Keywords: Algorithms · Meta-learning and Automated ML · Transfer, Multitask and Meta-learning

Author Information

Sen Wu (Stanford University)
Hongyang Zhang (University of Pennsylvania)
Gregory Valiant (Stanford University)
Christopher Re (Stanford)

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